This blog covers all aspects of 'hindustani classical music' including Ragas, Swar, Taal, Aesthetics, Alankars, Indian Instruments, History of indian music...etc.
What is Moorchhana(मूर्छना)? Moorchhana is nothing but the process of singing aroha and avaroha of notes.it is a technique in which the shadja(SA) is shifted to another note and this process forms a new scale. APPLICATION OF MOORCHHANA- Lets have a look at the seven notes, SA RE GA MA PA DHA NI SA' If we take Rishabh to be shadja, the rest of the notes shift with respect to Rishabh and we get a new scale. this whole process is referred as MOORCHHANA. Applying the moorchhana on the shuddha swara scale ,we get the scale of raga KAAFI(काफी). i.e. SA RE ga MA PA DHA ni SA' The moorchhana occures when a musician think about creating a new scale from another scale.its a process of creating new scales.
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HINDUSTANI RAGA SYSTEM
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Hindustani raga system is an important part of hindustani classical music. the music of india is classified in two categories - one is NORTH INDIAN MUSIC /HINDUSTANI CLASSICAL MUSIC and the second one is CARNATIC MUSIC. both the systems are so broad in their own perspective and many people around the globe are learning and performing these artforms. Here i will share my knowledge about hindustani raga system.
Before we come to ragas, first we should discuss about the term 'THAAT', let us know first, 'what is THAAT?'.
'A THAAT IS A FAMILY FROM WHERE THE RAGAS ARE ORIGINATED.'
THAAT has a certain set of 7 notes/swar which produces many ragas from it. for example- thaat BILAWAL has all shuddha swaras/notes and it is the parent of all shudha swar ragas like RAGA DESHKAR, BIHAG, HANSADHWANI etc.
There are 10 thaats in hindustani classical music/north indian music-
1-BILAWAL- S R G M P D N S
2-KHAMAJ- S R G M P D n S
3-BHAIRAV- S r G M P d N S
4-BHAIRAVI- S r g M P d n S
5-POORVI - S r G m P d N S
6-MARWA - S r G m P D N S
7-TODI - S r g m P d N S
8-ASAWARI - S R g M P d n S
9-KALYAN - S R G m P D N S
10-KAAFI - S R g M P d n S
These are the 10 families the ragas are originated from.
Ragas
There are innumerous ragas in hindustani classical music like -YAMAN, BHOOPALI, ASAWARI, BHAIRAVI, MIYAN MALHAR etc. some are popular amongst artists but some of them are not as popular as DARBARI , BHAIRAVI , JOG etc.
Here comes an important term which is called "ASHRAYA RAGA/PARENT RAGA".
let us know,'what is a parent raga or ashraya raga?'
Ashraya raga/parent raga
Ashraya raga is a parent raga which represents the charachteristics of the thaat from which it is originated.
An ashraya raga has the same name as its thaat has. for exapmle - raga asawari belongs to the thaat named ASAWARI and it contains the same notes as there in that thaat.
now lets just know how many ashraya ragas are there?
every thaat has their own ashraya raga which is of the same name as the thaat has. these ragas are-
1-RAGA BILAWAL - BILAWAL
2-RAGA KHAMAJ - KHAMAJ
3-RAGA BHAIRAV - BHAIRAV
4-RAGA BHAIRAVI - BHAIRAVI
5-RAGA POORVI - POORVI
6-RAGA MARWA - MARWA
7-RAGA TODI - TODI
8-RAGA ASAWARI - ASAWARI
9-RAGA YAMAN/
RAGA KALYAN - KALYAN
10-RAGA KAAFI - KAAFI
So this is the basic structure of the hindustani raga system .
the capital and small letters in THAAT represents swar/notes. these are 'SA RE GA MA PA DHA NI SA'(the 7 notes that we sing) , capital letters are SHUDDHA SWARAS and small letters are VIKRIT SWARAS. see the attached video to understand.
What is Moorchhana(मूर्छना)? Moorchhana is nothing but the process of singing aroha and avaroha of notes.it is a technique in which the shadja(SA) is shifted to another note and this process forms a new scale. APPLICATION OF MOORCHHANA- Lets have a look at the seven notes, SA RE GA MA PA DHA NI SA' If we take Rishabh to be shadja, the rest of the notes shift with respect to Rishabh and we get a new scale. this whole process is referred as MOORCHHANA. Applying the moorchhana on the shuddha swara scale ,we get the scale of raga KAAFI(काफी). i.e. SA RE ga MA PA DHA ni SA' The moorchhana occures when a musician think about creating a new scale from another scale.its a process of creating new scales.
RAGA BHOOPALI Madhyam and Nishad are varjit rest shudha swaras. THAAT - KALYAN AROHA - SA RE GA PA DHA SA' AVAROHA - SA' DHA PA GA RE SA PAKAD - SA 'DHA SA,SA RE GA, PA DHA PA GA,RE SA VADI - GA SAMVADI - DHA JAATI - AUDAV-AUDAV( औड़व- औड़व) i.e.PENTATONIC SCALE(Consists of 5 notes in Aroha-Avaroha both) TIME - 1st prahar of night NYAS STHAN - SA,RE,GA,PA - PA,GA,RE,SA SIMILAR RAGAS - DESHKAR,SHUDDHA KALYAN,carnatic raga MOHANAM MOODS - DEVOTIONAL FEELING,PEACEFUL and CALM. INTRODUCTION- Raga bhoopali is an audav raga i.e. a pentatonic scale which has 5 notes in ascending and descending both- SA RE GA PA DHA .all swaras are shudha and Gandhar(GA) is dominant.its a basic raga like Bhairav and Yaman which are taught to learners in a very begining of their lessons. the different popular names of raga bhoopali are BHOOP, BHOPALI, BHUPALI .a similar raga to bhoopali is MOHANAM which is a carnatic raga.its a soft melodius raga creates devotional
INDIAN TAAL SYSTEM The richness and diversity of our traditional indian music is well known to all.as we know that our indianmusic is originated from THE VEDAS which is generally based on two elements : SWAR and TALA .both elements have same importance in music. HINDUSTANI CLASSICAL MUSIC is known for its tradition of 'GURU-SHISHYA PARAMPARA' .it is basically a system in which a guru(teacher) shares his/her knowledge to shishya (students).it is different from the learning system running present time.this culture creates a gratitudinal feeling in students towards their gurus.in the learning process a question often occures in student's mind that 'which one has more importance in music?....... swar or tala?....the answer to this question is 'both of them have same value beacause if learners have less command over swar or tala, they might get troubled while performing. tala runs in a continuous loop of matras while the swar is responsible for th
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And whats the meaning of capital and small letters in THAAT
ReplyDeletethe capital and small letters in THAAT represents swar/notes.
Deletethese are 'SA RE GA MA PA DHA NI SA'(the 7 notes that we sing) , capital letters are SHUDDHA SWARAS and small letters are VIKRIT SWARAS. see the attached video to understand.